Gene Editing and Engineering Technology - 921 Words

INTRODUCTION: Gene editing and engineering technology has the potential to cure many diseases that plague humans. Until now, there have been two main methods used to perform gene editing. The first is a method that uses Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) to target genes. This method allowed to make changes at the desired places, but it required, a new protein to be specifically engineered for each target gene. This was difficult and very time consuming. The other method uses transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). In this method, its much more easier to tailor them to the targeted genes. But, TALENS are large proteins, and it is difficult to deliver them into the cells. CRISPR stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats. These are short DNA sequences that are found in bacteria. This is used to make RNA that along with a protein called Cas9, to make cuts in the invading viral DNA. This mechanism is used by bacteria to protect and defend against invading viruses. In 2012, it was discovered by Jinek et al [1], that a piece of RNA along with the Cas9 nuclease could be used to make cuts at any place in the DNA sequence. The greatest advantage of this method is that it is very easy to engineer pieces of RNA corresponding to the DNA sequence to be cut. Also, the Cas9 nuclease is easy to produce. This method provides a cheap, quick and easy way to make genetic changes in cells, and accelerate genetic research in the laboratory. HUMANShow MoreRelatedThe Genome Editing And Crispr Technology1458 Words   |  6 Pages2015 Genome Editing and CRISPR Technology The research surround genome editing is fairly recent but has been of great scientific discovery by correcting faulty genetic diseases. With the contemporary research regarding genome editing or genetically altering the genes of an embryo, the types of sources that embodied this research was minimal yet paramount. The amount of information gathered from online libraries and texts attained from the library the technology used for genome editing CRISPR/Cas9Read MoreBenefits Of Genetic Engineering1115 Words   |  5 Pageswill be talking about genetic engineering. What is genetic engineering? Genetic engineering is the process of directly manipulating an organism’s genes or DNA in order to change its characteristics. Over the years, genetic engineering and modification has been trialled on many different things, (CHANGE SLIDE) including food such as creating seedless grapes, CHANGE SLIDE and animals such as dolly the sheep, the first cloned animal in the world. However, genetic engineering, especially on humans has beenRead MoreA New Science Of Genetic Engineering Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagespublic would react to his life work. The growing potential of gene editing is sweeping the US, filled with both overwhelming hope as well as fear. This is a bridge which must be crossed to achieve trust within the biomedical community. To ensure the people this can bring great change without the unethical byproducts which could come with gene editing. Much of the American public is divided with the relatively new science of genetic engineering due to concerning ethical issues, but would benefit in manyRead MoreDelivery Of The Cas Components1306 Words   |  6 Pagesmethods of transfection such as microinjection, gene gun, electroporation, sonoporation, and using viruses such as adenoviruses and lentiviruses. In cultured mammalian cells, researchers have used electroporation , nucleofection, and Lipofectamine mediated transfection methods to deliver vectors expressing the gene for gRNAs and Cas9 endonuclease. In cultured human and mouse cells, Lentiviral vectors have also been used as a mode of delivery of genes. In addition to animal models and cell lines, Cas9Read MoreHuman Genetic Engineering And Eugenics1582 Words   |  7 PagesHuman genetic engineering and eugenics have been a largely controversial topic over the past decades. Eugenics can be popularly defined as the science of improving and enhancing a human population or person through manipulating the human genes, selective breeding, and sterilization. The end goal and desired result of eugenics is to basically create a human race or people with more desirable biological, physical, or psychological traits. Eugenics and genetic modification is a current, pressing subject;Read MoreGenetic Engineering And The Human Existence1193 Words   |  5 Pages Why is genetic engineering crucial to the hum an existence? Initially, genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the process of manually adding new unique DNA into an organism. The objective is to add one or numerous new traits that are not already constructed in that particular organism. New DNA inserts in the host genome and immediately isolates and replicates the gene of interest by using molecular cloning methods to synthesize a DNA sequence; then inserting this construct intoRead MorePros And Cons Of Genetic Engineering1662 Words   |  7 PagesGenetic engineering is the process whereby new DNA is added or existing DNA is altered in an organism s genome. This may involve changing one base pair (A-T or C-G) or deleting entire sections of DNA or adding additional copies of a gene. This results in creating new traits that were not previously present in the organism’s genome. This is done to selectively breed desired traits or to create plants with increased resistance to pesticides and increased tolera nce to herbicides. For example insulinRead MoreImportance Of CRISPR Cas-91046 Words   |  5 Pagesvery successful is CRISPR Cas-9. CRISPR Cas-9, is an RNA- guided targeted genome editing tool, it allows scientists to do knockout, addition or deletions of genes and because of this it is used to target disease-causing genes in specific genes. It first came about in in 1987 a Japanese team of scientists at Osaka University saw a strange pattern of DNA sequences in a gene belonging to E. coli. They saw that the gene had five short repeating segments of DNA separated by short non-repeating spacerRead MoreA Research On The New Scientific System1497 Words   |  6 Pagesthis could be the future of the world; therefore, CRISPR can alter mutant genes in the fetus to make the perfect healthy baby, changing the health of society. Many people may think that is is an inhumane way to conceive a baby, because an individual should not alter the way a baby is born and should let the babies be bor n naturally. However, there are many reasons why this theory is proven wrong; new and improved technology has allowed scientists to create a system that will genetically alter devastatingRead MoreSynthesis Essay On Genetic Technology718 Words   |  3 PagesGenetic Technologies Essay CRISPR Cas9 technology should be used to modify human and embryonic DNA. I support this claim because if we have the technology of CRISPR Cas9 and all of the advantages it entails to help people who want to have healthy children and to stop the inheritance of deadly genetic diseases, we should. CRISPR Cas9 has many advantages, but it has generated a lot of excitement in the scientific community because it is faster, cheaper, more accurate, and more efficient than other